Plastics production through the plastic injection technology process is growing rapidly right now. Almost all electronic equipment and household items, such as kitchen equipment, contain plastic components.
How Does A Plastic Injection Machine Work?
Plastic injection is the process of making plastic objects using molds filled with plastic, which is heated until it reaches the melting point by injection or injection mechanism. The process requires several machine parts that work systematically to manufacture the product according to the shape designed in the mold.
Here Are Some Plastic Injection Steps:
* Ingredients must be prepared first.
* Also, the material must be heated to the melting point.
* The material that has melted is transferred to the tip of the injector and then poured into the injection mold.
* Then the material will enter the plastic injection mold.
* Hold the position until the plastic in the plastic injection mold freezes.
* Open the mold to remove the mold outlet.
* The last thing you need to do is clean up the runner’s production results.
For more details, these steps can be seen in the explanation of the main components of the plastic injection machines below.
Injection Machine Components
A plastic injection machine includes several main parts and support parts that are directly involved in the plastic product production process.
Main Components Of Plastic Injection Machines
Injector Nozzle:
The cone-shaped part that functions as a part that injects a liquid plastic material into a mold. The part is directly related to the plastic entry into the mold section, often called a corridor.
Motor:
This section is connected to the rotary screw that functions as the main motor, so that the rotary screw shaft can rotate to move the plastic to the cylinder.
Swivel screw:
The most important part of an injection machine is the rotary screw. This plays a role in delivering plastic granules from the initial fusion process to the injection process. All plastic will be gradually inserted into the heating chamber using this section.
After passing through the heating section, the plastic seed will form a liquid plastic that will be propelled by the rotating screw section towards the end of the injector.
Hopper:
Plastics in the form of pallets (plastic pellets) are inserted into plastic shelters called hoppers. During this phase, the plastic seeds will be dried so that they are completely free of moisture or moisture content. This step can be considered a simple step, however, the result of the production depends a lot on this step.
The water content in plastic pellets can damage the appearance of the final result if it is not dried beforehand. In general, the product will have a white spot pattern if the material contains water.
Moulded:
In this section, the injected plastic liquid is formed according to the shape and size previously designed. The mould is made up of two main parts, those that can be closed and opened. Both parts are connected by a cursor so that it can be closed and opened properly.
The large mold has a cavity channel that allows the cooling liquid to function perfectly. All channels are designed based on the required cooling speed calculations or even to help maintain the temperature of the mold.
Injection Machine Support Components
In this section, you will find a control panel that regulates the injection pressure when injecting plastic.
Here Are Some Of The Features In This Section:
Adapt the pressure required to suit the design of the mould. Each mould made has different properties. This is why this part is very useful when it comes to mold designs that require different energy to enter plastics.
Set the injection time for the material. The material to be inserted into the mold cannot be uniform for all types of molds. On some prints, it only takes 2 to 3 seconds to insert the material, but on others it can take 4 to 5 seconds.
Define the duration of the freezing period. Once the plastic is placed in the mold, the plastic does not freeze immediately. Wait a few seconds to freeze again. The panel section is also responsible for managing this. This retention time is called wait time in the subsequent cost process.
This section can also be used to define the opening time of a mold, especially if the production is carried out with robots. The aperture and closing controls can be changed to manual or automatic mode.
The operation of plastic injection machines so that all the checks performed are used to calculate the costs charged in the process of manufacturing the components. Read the article on how to calculate the cost of producing plastic injection.
Another factor in determining the correct size of the machine is the size of the shot and the size of the mold. The main function of the tightening unit is to close and open the mould and remove the parts. The two most common types of pliers are switching pliers and hydraulic pliers. The lever collars pass through hydraulic cylinders. These collars use mechanical connections to produce more force than hydraulic jacks of the same size using direct connections.
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